ABSTRACT
26 Objective: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among South Asians in the United States. This chapter examines the current literature on the burden of CVD, risk factors, and associated health behaviors among South Asian Americans (SAAs). The role of acculturation is also examined as it relates to cultural and behavioral outcomes associated with cardiovascular health.
Key Findings: The literature suggests a heightened CVD risk among South Asian, Americans (SAAs) as well as an increase in intermediate clinical risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension, and obesity. Negative health behaviors, including smoking, alcohol use, unhealthy diet, and physical inactivity, have also been shown to be significant concerns within the SAA population. The role of acculturation has also emerged as a potential risk factor for poorer CVD outcomes and associated negative health behaviors. Although the reviewed literature highlights CVD as a significant public health concern among SAAs, there is limited evidence-based research conducted to fully understand the cultural and behavioral outcomes as they relate to cardiovascular health.
Recommendations: More research needs to be focused on SAAs, in particular, population-based health surveys. Preventive strategies should include community health workers who can provide the South Asian American population with education on cardiovascular health, access to services, and regular screening for intermediate clinical risk factors. In addition, culturallybased dietary and physical activity recommendations should be routinely advocated by clinicians serving the South Asian American population.
