ABSTRACT
The term directed energy had, in the past, been placed solely within the domain of science ction, but today is a fact of modern life. Laser pointers, CD players, supermarket checkout scanners, and many other commonplace devices are equipped with directedenergy components. Directed-energy technologies have also been under extensive development by police and military programs in many countries. In addition, criminals and terrorist organizations are known to have used weapons equipped with these innovative technologies.
