ABSTRACT
Integrated ecological and environmental management means that the environmental problems are viewed from a holistic angle considering the ecosystem as an entity and considering the entire spectrum of diagnostic tools and solutions, including all possible combinations of proposed solutions. Additionally, the experience gained from environmental management in the last 40 years has clearly shown that it is important not just to consider solutions of single problems but to consider all the problems associated with a particular ecosystem simultaneously and evaluate all the solution possibilities proposed by the relevant disciplines at the same time, or expressed differently, to observe the entire forest and not just single trees. The experience has clearly underlined that there is no alternative to an integrated management, at least not on a long-term basis. Fortunately, as presented in this chapter, new ecological subdisciplines have emerged, and they offer toolboxes to perform an integrated ecological and environmental management.
