ABSTRACT
The nanotechnology in medical sciences has created new opportunities in applications of nanomaterials for drug delivery, molecular imaging, and diagnosis. It can serve faster diagnosis, improved imaging, enhanced therapeutic efcacy, and reduced adverse side effects compared to the conventional methods (Hu and Zhang 2009; Jee et al. 2012). The fabrication of biomaterials has been studied extensively as a new drug delivery vehicle for the past few decades. The research scientists all over the world are attempting to develop marine biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) for drug delivery and biomedical application, such as gene delivery, tissue engineering, and imaging. This chapter is focused in view of their applications in controlling the release of drugs for prolonged period, stabilizing heat labile molecules (e.g., proteins, peptides, or DNA) from degradation and site-specic drug targeting (Singh and Lillard 2009).
