ABSTRACT
Communities of microbes colonizing the surfaces in a marine or seawater environment are tiny but powerful entities to form the marine biolms (Peltonen et al. 2007). The ecological succession of a biolm happens in a sequential way. The initial conditioning layer is formed by the adhesion of organic molecules to the surfaces. The organic nutrient available in this conditioning layer made the planktonic cells to adhere, and further it was inuenced by the bacterial attachment, which was initially reversible and then irreversible (Callow and Callow 2002, 2006, Ploux et al. 2007, Inbakandan et al. 2010). The irreversible attachment is followed by recruitment of bacteria and microalgae to form a matured biolm through quorum sensing signaling (Callow and Callow 2002, Joint et al. 2007). The maturity of the biolm was successful with bacterial adhesion and characterized by their production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs). The detachment and succession of biolm depend on the nutrients trapped by the EPS from the surrounding environment. These processes were also inuenced by the ow of water, shear physical forces, and the abiotic-biotic interfaces (Van Houdt and Michiels 2005, Denkhaus et al. 2007, Flemming and Ridgway 2009).
