ABSTRACT
This chapter details what is required in terms of competencies, skills and knowledge from junior physicians in core medical training in renal medicine. Renal blood flow (RBF) is approximately 25% of cardiac output. RBF is higher in the cortex than medulla, as one might expect with the increasing glomeruli in this region. The management of patients with haematuria is often difficult due to the absence of widely followed guidelines. It is sometimes unclear whether patients are best managed in primary care, by urologists or by nephrologists. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common inherited cause of kidney disease, affecting one in 1000 Caucasians. Two disease loci have been identified, PKD1 and PKD2, which code and polycystin-2, respectively. Alport's syndrome is usually inherited in an X-linked dominant pattern. It is due to a defect in the gene which codes for type IV collagen resulting in an abnormal glomerular-basement membrane (GBM).
