ABSTRACT
The gastrointestinal system extends from the lips to the anus, and includes the pancreas and hepatobiliary system. A complete gastrointestinal examination includes a digital rectal examination and examination of hernial orifices; it may also include pelvic examination. Vomitus, stool and urine samples should be inspected. The patient's observation chart, as well as radiological studies and laboratory investigations, must be considered part of the routine examination. Patients should undress themselves without assistance from the doctor unless for any reason they are unable to do so. It is suggested that the patient should remain draped during the general examination, and should then be exposed from nipples to knees for the targeted examination. There is no consensus on the use of chaperones during the physical examination. The chapter suggests that a chaperone of the same sex as the patient should always be utilised if the patient accepts this.
