ABSTRACT
The principles of precision medicine have been a cornerstone of medical practice to classify disease and prescribe specific treatment based on a diagnosis. The diversity of haematological malignancies reflects both the complexity of the blood system and the diversity of the molecular mechanisms that regulate haematopoiesis. Though we understand about the origins of cancer, its progressive nature or why, in many cases, somatic mutations arise in the first place, we do recognize the ability of cancer to evolve through a multi-step process with sequential clonal and subclonal selection, following Darwinian iconic evolutionary principles. The capacity to sequence cancer genomes accurately and precisely, has helped to garner a deeper understanding and comprehensively catalogue genomic alterations and novel oncogenic pathways in diverse cancers. Independently of the various cancer-specific gene mutations, the cell cycle clock can become deregulated by an alteration of the various growth factors, other proteins and small molecules which are essential for an orderly and timely operation of 'the clock'.
