ABSTRACT

Civil engineering is about harnessing the forces of nature for the benet of mankind, and this applies particularly to water. Engineers use the principles and practices of hydraulics to plan, design, and build hydraulic infrastructure, such as water supply and wastewater treatment systems, irrigation and drainage schemes, and hydro-electric schemes. They each include many of the elements described in this book, such as pipes and canals, dams, barrages, measuring weirs and umes, and pumping stations. All these elements enable society to monitor, control, and manage water resources.