ABSTRACT

This chapter explores the assessment, diagnosis and management of glaucomas. It discusses the methods of measuring intraocular pressure such as digital, Goldmann applanation tonometer, Perkins' applanation tonometer, Tono-Pen, non-contact tonometer, Schiotz tonometry. The chapter discusses the anatomy and physiology such as Anterior Chamber, Posterior Chamber and aqueous humour. In the United Kingdom, it accounts for 10" of blind registrations and partial sight certification. A general characteristic of glaucoma is a rise in the intraocular pressure that is sufficient to cause damage to the optic nerve head. Intraocular pressure is determined by the balance between the rate of production and the rate of drainage of aqueous fluid. Normal intraocular pressure is 15–20 mmHg, but this measurement depends to some extent on which method is used to measure it. In addition, the thickness of the cornea can influence intraocular pressure readings.