ABSTRACT
Box 20.1 Renal disease: presenting patterns
• Haematuria
• Proteinuria
• Systemic hypertension
• Acute renal failure
• Effects of chronic renal failure – failure to thrive, short stature – malaise and tiredness – anaemia – renal osteodystrophy
• Effects of tubular dysfunction – acidosis – amino-aciduria – hypokalaemia – hypophosphataemia – normoglycaemic glycosuria
Urinary tract infection may present with specific symptoms or as non-specific fever, or it may be asymptomatic (see Table 20.1). It should always be suspected in an unwell child, including an infant.
