ABSTRACT
In Chapter 2 we looked at learning that was mediated by expert inter vention, and that predominantly required the learner to stop working in order to learn. There was a structure to the process, and this was decided in advance, generally by other people. Consider, for example, the learning that arises from gathering evidence for an NVQ. What is required (and what is not) is decided by the assessment authority. The way in which evidence is presented is decided by others. There is a time limit to the process - learners register, undertake learning, and then submit their evidence of that learning to match published criteria. The same is true for a learner undertaking a training day, or registered on a course at their local college - what is learned and how is decided by others. This is formal learning, and the outcome of such learning is knowledge or skill that is publicly acknowledged.
