ABSTRACT
Analog video contains a tremendous amount of data, and when digitized and transmitted, these data can consume as much as 165 Mbit/s (megabits per second) of bandwidth.
It is not practical to transmit this amount of data over an IP-based network, and it is a challenge to store it in a cost-effective manner. Therefore, image and video compression techniques are used to reduce the bitrate. The goal is to drastically decrease the amount of data that must be sent but with as little negative effect as possible on the image and video quality. Depending on the purpose, different compression formats can be used. These formats are usually referred to as codecs. Codec is the abbreviated form of compressor-decompressor or coding-decoding.
