ABSTRACT
Victory in the Civil War strengthened the Bolshevik leaders' belief in the soundness of their basic premises and policies. They had consolidated their government in the Civil War and created not only a large well-equipped army but a powerful police apparatus. With the end of the Civil War, even the ultra-leftist revolutionary group came to oppose the economic policy of War Communism, as well as the government's extreme terror, which could no longer be excused on the grounds of the threat of counter-revolution. The Tambov revolt was followed by unrest in Petrograd and other working class centers, and among the revolutionary sailors of Kronstadt. The Petrograd Soviet headed by Zinoviev had no influence with the workers. An attempt was made to revive the methods of 1918 by calling a conference of "non-party workers" with the assurance that the government would attempt to draw them into the government machinery.
