ABSTRACT
This chapter looks at several approaches: stabilizing with connections, bracings, and/or forms with active learning exercises for each. The bracing’s frequency varies depending on the stabilizing system used, but in general, braced frames need to occur every fourth bay. In structural frames with moment connections, inflection points in the middle of beam spans and column heights mark places where no moment force occurs–seen where the deformed shape switches from one curvature to another. Stabilizing systems for buildings with multiple frames perform best when lateral resistance is evenly distributed throughout the footprint. Using physical models, create a stable two-story frame based on the grid of columns shown without bracing the interior frame. Every strategy needs to be paired with tactics for actually achieving stability: braces, rigid frames, diaphragms, and/or shear walls. The frames’ layout should be symmetrical in plan and elevation with equal distribution of stiffening elements three-dimensionally throughout.
