ABSTRACT
Gender has important but varying interactive effects with capital, and thus female autonomy. Females gaining property ownership through inheritance is more of a collective asset with no individual decision-making power. Changing cropping practices in the context of commercialisation and de-agrarianisation has reduced women’s control and accelerated through patrilineal practices. Landless female labourers’ participation in collective networks through SHGs such as group farming increases social capital and participation in the public sphere, with gains for wider development goals. Thus a combination of capital is more significant for personal and collective bargaining power, achievements of wider social goals and gender equality.
