ABSTRACT
This chapter reviews archaeobotanical records from the Neolithic in Austria and it focus on eastern Austria, where most Neolithic sites are located, where the diversity of Neolithic cultures is greatest and where most archaeological and some archaeobotanical work has been done. Neolithic plant material from waterlogged contexts has only been recovered from the lakeshore settlements of the Salzkammergut region. The chapter provides review of published and unpublished material and ordered chronologically, according to the sequence of the different regional cultures. The results of archaeobotanical investigations are presented after a brief summary of the distribution and dating of each culture. Early Neolithic Settlements are entirely confined to the lowland and hill landscapes of eastern Austria and classified as belonging either to the Vornotenkopfkeramik, representing the early Linearbandkeramik, or to the Notenkopfkeramik, representing a somewhat later stage. The Stichbandkeramik marks the transition from the early to middle Neolithic.
