ABSTRACT
ANTLERS (FIG. 2) Antlers are not horns. They are bony outgrowths from the skull which are found only in the cervids. Amongst most deer, only the males grow antlers, but female caribou also bear them (rather smaller). A new set of antlers is grown and shed each year and the size and complexity of the growth increases with each set. There is large variation between individuals and it is difficult to define a "typical" antler. For similar reasons, it is also difficult to use antler development for age estimation.
