ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on the problems the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) agenda is currently facing in the wake of stiffening resistance to the norm prompted by the conduct and outcome of the Libyan intervention in 2011, which has become most starkly illustrated in the ongoing crisis in Syria. But as a consequence of recent events some have offered advice on how to reinvigorate R2P. For example, Justin Morris recently called for removal of the most coercive Pillar III elements to 'inoculate' the other components of R2P from 'normative contamination'. Newman, Kurtz and Rotmann and Stephen Hopgood have all observed that compliance with the Pillar III obligation for the international community to assume responsibility for protection when individual states fail to do so is not yet normal. In particular, Moon's 2009 report announced that R2P would be 'mainstreamed', as he put it, meaning all UN 'agencies, funds and programmes' would be expected to coordinate their activities to advance R2P.
