ABSTRACT
This chapter considers the sources of revenue that originate from natural resources. Natural resources provide an important source of revenue for many countries, which can extract their share of funding through various concessions and contract arrangements. In general, revenue that governments raise from the exploitation of natural resources is shared with sub-national governments of the producing area. Some countries provide illustrative examples of the effective exploitation of natural resources. The exploitation of natural resources has increasingly incorporated concerns with the measures that countries should take to contribute to environmental preservation. In part, woodland and forests can provide a source of public sector revenue, through various forms of taxation or licensing for the acquisition of woodland and forest products. The use of revenue from natural resources into government-owned funds is pursued by many other resource-rich countries, especially when revenue from natural resources generates a budget surplus and there is no stock of debt to repay.
