ABSTRACT
Local injuries of the brain may lead to specific losses of visual functions, like color vision, movement perception, or face recognition. This kind of specificity is also true for the auditory or somatosensory modality. This classification—or taxonomy—will provide a more precise description of neuropsychological and psychopathological phenomena. The basic hypothesis underlying this taxonomy is that psychological functions are based on neuronal programs that have developed during evolution and that psychological functions are necessarily dependent on the integrity of neuronal structures or neuronal algorithms. The local diencephalic or limbic representation of different emotions has been proven by neuro-ethological and neurological observations. A stimulus triggers a neuronal oscillation, and the reactions are triggered at particular phases of this oscillation, which results in multimodalities in the reaction time histogram. This chapter believes that the neuronal oscillation of a frequency of 30-40 hertz is the formal structure with which events in the environment are identified and temporally ordered.
