ABSTRACT
This chapter presents the elementary visual disorders after brain damage that are most frequently encountered in the clinic. These include visual field disorders and impairments in visual acuity and color vision. Disorders of the visual field are probably the most frequent type of visual impairment after brain damage. Visual field defects can be measured quantitatively by perimetric techniques. The extent of the visual field is defined by those positions where the target is detected by the patient. Since a target of white light is usually used for field plotting, the resulting map indicates only the visual field extent for the detection of light. The most common types of visual field loss are hemianopias, quadranopias and scotomata. Another type of visual field disorder consists of impairment of visual functions rather than the complete loss of vision. Two types of such disorders have been reported in the literature, hemiachromatopsia and hemiamblyopia.
