ABSTRACT
Challenging social institutions is likely to prevail in emerging adults, and more likely than adults who are older. Challenging social institutions typically happens as opposition to government, occupying public space to protest against government, corporations, or capitalism, and other forms of radicalism against government and various institutions. Challenging institutions, including opposition to government, occupying commitment, and radicalism, is possibly explicable by voluntaristic theory. Emerging adulthood refers to age from 18 to 19 years and is likely to sustain a higher level of challenge to social institutions than is older age. Age is obviously a basis for defining emerging adulthood and is more general in that it covers the full range of adulthood. Mid-age is a particular component of age to make a difference, such that the mid-age adult is expected to be higher in challenging social institutions than is the other adult. Family income is also relevant as a control factor, because of its association with age.
