ABSTRACT
This chapter covers the introductory elements of the major quantitative research designs, such as the causal comparative method, correlation, pre-testing/post-testing and experimental designs, structured observation, and single-case research. Features of each design and advantages and disadvantages of using each method are presented. The chapter suggests ways to select a quantitative design option best suited to a study's research question, goals, and purpose. A step-by-step approach is provided to create a quantitative design—from choosing a method, sampling and participant selection, variable creation, data collection, reliability and validity testing, and establishing causality to considerations when conducting secondary data analysis. Questions to ask when working with secondary data and an applied example of secondary data analysis use are included. The chapter also includes online data resources for datasets focused around older populations. Real-life issues are discussed—from applying quantitative designs with older people in the field to ways normal age-related changes impact quantitative designs.
