ABSTRACT
Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 190 Effects-Based Hardening (EBH) ................................................................................................ 191 Physical Security ......................................................................................................................... 193
Parking Lots ............................................................................................................................ 194 Pre-Positioned Vehicles ......................................................................................................... 194 Traffic Duty .............................................................................................................................. 196
Security ......................................................................................................................................... 196 Locks ........................................................................................................................................ 197 Alarms ...................................................................................................................................... 198 Visitor Access and Badges .....................................................................................................200 Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) ........................................................................................200 Public Address Systems ........................................................................................................ 201 Ventilation Systems ................................................................................................................ 202
Dining Halls ................................................................................................................................. 202 Emergency Preparations ............................................................................................................ 203
Hold Room .............................................................................................................................. 203 Emergency Response Team and the Command Center ................................................... 203 Bomb Threat ............................................................................................................................ 205 Medical Program .................................................................................................................... 206 Shelter in Place ........................................................................................................................ 207
Elementary Schools in Focus ..................................................................................................... 208 Hardening the College Campus ............................................................................................... 209
Building Relationships .......................................................................................................... 209 Students and Staff as Force Multipliers .............................................................................. 210 Exercising Due Diligence ...................................................................................................... 211
The supreme art of war is to subdue the enemy without fighting.
