ABSTRACT
Christendom has evolved over centuries based on the legend of an Arch-Angel who embraced evilness, Lucifer. This figure garnered the attention of philosophers and theologians. At a closer look, one of the main conceptual doubts, questions and dilemmas Lucifer wakes up associates to the nature of evil. Starting from the premise that an all-powerful God created an angel who will become in a monstrosity later, it opens a question respecting to the credibility of goodness. Although, the existence of God was adamantly discussed in Catholic circles (Bernstein, 2006), the philosophical problem of evil remains unchecked. While for some voices, Lucifer falls showing the unconditional love of God (testing the roots of theodicy), for others, this represents the evidence of his inexistence. There is no redemption, following this axiom, without sin and forgiveness. Conducive to lead humankind toward the Lord, Lucifer plays the role of devil’s advocate tempting to those he was designed to protect. Anthropologists and historians devoted considerable resources in understanding Lucifer enrooted in the archetype of medieval princes who often defied or conspired Kings to enhance more influence and power. As an example of what happens with deviant princes, Lucifer during years was conducive to the authority of Catholic Church and nobility in the Middle Ages (Muchembled, 2000; Russell, 1977; 1986). For Jean Markale (2006) evilness embodies problems for the status quo to control deviance. Therefore, Lucifer is not very different than other antiheroes such as Prometheus, or Gilgamesh. They are catalysts cultures construct to blame whenever things do not come out as planned.
