ABSTRACT

This chapter focuses on internationalist ideas that are closest to the point of convergence with anarchistic anti-capitalism. It explains the ideas of some of the most radical internationalists, who are so radical that they are best understood as transnationalists. The chapter also focuses on the ideas of Boaventura de Sousa Santos and Jan Aart Scholte, an exemplary transnationalist. It suggests that the alter-globalisation movement emerged out of the anti-capitalist milieu of the late 1990s to channel self-emancipatory radicalism towards mainstream projects of institutional transformation. The alter-globalisation movement emerged in the early 2000s out of the era's anti-capitalist zeitgeist, coalescing around the World Social Forum (WSF), first held in Brazil in 2001. The WSF set out to bring about relatively radical reform to the global economic and political system, so that it would begin to promote justice over profit.