ABSTRACT
ManyEnglishsentencescontainwordswhich'standfor'otherwords orphrases:
(203)Johndefendedhimself.
Obviously,himselfisanotherwayofsayingJohn,andtheimplication isthatthisisthesameJohnastheJohnoftheSubject.This substitute-word(calledareflexivepronoun)isanexampleofone typeofpro-form;thereareseveralothertypes,ascanbeseenfrom theitalicizedwordsandphrasesinthefollowingsentences:
(204)Johngoestothecinema,butSusannevergoesthere. (205)IgotothelibraryonSaturdaymornings,butnooneelsegoes
therethen. (206}JohnpassedtheexamandsodidSusan. (207}JohnpassedtheexamandSusandid,too. (208)JohnpassedtheexamandSusanfailedit. (209}Petersaidthathecouldneverpasstheexam. (210)Iamnotverywelloff. (211)Thishousewillsuitus. (212)Johnbrushedhisteeth. (213)Anyonecandriveacar. (214)JackfelldownandthenJilldidthesame. (215)Iwasillandsowasmywife.
