,,-

Rapel River. Chile, raised terraces 9 ,,-6

Raphanw caudatw 19 302 raphaniJllllm 19302 sahvw.o 29O •• S 316. 337--8

nyctinanY·7 222-3 radicies.sensitivity 17 125. 139

Raratonga. Cook Islands7 129 Rarity of speciesue Species Raspberries.o 187; .7 148 Rat Island. Monte Video I 77. So. 84 Rat Island, Sumatra 7 156 Rathbun,-, reds, Brazil 7 48-g[I) Rathke.-, Crustacea, anus I. g6 Ratsl0116;1599

acciimatization 15 102 Ascencion Island 5460 Galapag05Archipelago 3361 kangaroo 54 11 Keeling Island 5 4115 New Zealand 5 400 odourt:t:55 1 polygamy t:t: 226 sexratioull56 species improvement.1 85

Rattlesnakes 15 144 ; 16 170 poison experiments.o 241 secondary sexual characteristics u

'·5 Ravens stomach. vegetable diet 10 253 variation 11439, 440

Rawlinson, Sir H. mastiffs Ig 15 Rawson. Anhur, Gladiolw, hybrid self-

impotencc.o 105 Ray SociClY

acknowledgement It: vii Balanidae, fossils 14(ii) I

"" electric organs 16 157-8 secondary sexual characteristics

spinesu 344 tcctht:t: 346

Re, Comte-, maize, yellow colour '9 '97

Reade, William Winwood facial expression.3 219. 2211-3 goriUau 157(8) hand movements 13126 horns u 1143(42), 527

humans beauty It: 600 cross breeding u 177( 12) song u 595(37)

Jollof5u61 I negroes u 602,605,623 sheept:t: 554 suicideu 121(33)

Rear5()O Island, PacificOcean 7 131 Reason

humanlanimal.179-83 language u 92 socialisation benefit.1 134

Reaumur. - cocks, confinement effecu 10 23 fowls, general fertililY.o 1 25(6g)

Recapitulationlhcory 10311, 163-4, 17 1-2,179

Recent epoch Argentina

gravel formations9 22-8 Pampean formation 9 8S-125 raised shellslterraces 9 3-22

Chile elevation thCQries 9 6 1-6 raised shellslterraces 9 3 I-54

Peru, raised deposiug 55--61 South America

conchiferous deposits9 158-60 thcoriesgll88-90

Recife, BrazilJu Pernambuco Recurvirw-lTa hima1l1opw sec Himanklpw

nigrfltoUiJ Red deer, see Deer. red Red Hill , StJago, geology 8 S-12 RedSca3442

coralrttfs7173--'1 distribution 7 51. 101-2 fringinglbarrier 7 49, 56(13) growth 7 54, 55, 00--1, 64, 70 inner slopes 7 22 uplift and erosion 7 79

raiscdshellbeds7114-15,

". sea-shells 10 1!!o3 Red snow 5 309-3 1 0 Rtdiviw bench,"" , 3 16 Redstan, pairingll1l41l3 Reduvidae,stridulation u 292 Recd, -. rabbits, nerve dcslTuctionl

atrophied limbs 110 249 Rccd-bunting, plumage importance

t:t:427

Reefs su also coral barrier 3 4!15 encircling! 434-5 fringingH36 Pernambuco 3 464-5

Reeks, Henry cattlecouruhip .. 546 habitual behaviour. bean 13 173(5) rabbits u 564 reindeer .. 514

Reeks. Tn:nham magnesium sulphate 9 132 mammiferrcmains9106

ra~ shells960, 61(36) saline deposits 9 80. 82.84, 85, 86

Rees. - . DroHra digestive action 14 66(3),73(6)

Reeve. Lovell Augustus CrmcJtod.mNJ viTgato. II 127 Pollicipes mitella II 54( 19)

ReAeaionsu Mind ReAexbehaviourl3ll, l6-3 1

sualso Nervous system; Neural control

acquisition 13 29-31 baboon 13 101 blushing 13 244. 253, 265 children 1527. 29 crying 15 120 exprcssionuS 26-31,124-5,144-6 eyes IS 28. 128--g fear 13 58--g, 24!1 fighll'ftight response I! 28, 30 griefs3 135, 142--3. 146 habit link 13 19 hairerection 15 76-8, 277 horses 13 28--g juveniles, sucking 15 35 laughu:U3 153-4, 154-63 muselecontraction. fear 15 239 neuralcontrol1326g origins 13 29-30. 128-g physiology 13 26-7, 76-80 surpriscl3:1122 tear secretion 13 120. 126-31 types 13 26-7 variation 13 31 vomiting 15 201

Refuges. glacial 15 26g: 16310 Regeneration

sualso Morphology amputated joints I. !log

cell-theory 10 31 7 human embryos 10 !I 10(22) lower Venebrata

insccts l03 10 Myriapoda to 310

man amputated parts 19401 Regnier, -, Celts. cabbage cultivation

19 2 99(67) Regret . human nature u 116-18 Regulus

byront'lUU see CyalWlis O1PInUolor OfIInUoJo.rsee C, OfIInUoJo.r

Reid.-. lucutuco I 46 Reimarus.Johann Alben Heinrich,

Darwin, Erasmus. surgeon's fee casc298--g

Rein, DrJ.J.,Bermuda712 Reindeer 10 94

courtship u 546 horn development age .. 242 Laplanden, individuals recognition

10206 secondary sexual characteristics,

hornsll 242, 524-5. 527 winter colouring II 564

Reinhardt.-.LiUwtrya II 286, 298(65) Reinke, -. PrunW" alliUIII. nectar-

secreting glands 15 344(55) Reiss. -. MJ<1nlhusbarliatus 17 143 Reissck. -

CJlUuspurpurtwllabumuIII19363 TlwiUflllO,cidiulII. modification 10

", Rrithrodtm I 234; 4(ii) gB-IIO

chinchilWi<ks 4(ii) 103-6 PJ.XXVII . 139Pl.XXXIV(20)

tunicolmdts 4(ii) 99-102 Pl.XXVI, 138PI.XXXI II(2).139 PI,XXXIV(21)

t]picu.s 4(ii) 102--3. 138 PJ.XXXIII(4) Rejlander~ Oscar Gustave

expressions dooainI5 1g6PI.V,2oo facial 13 I 13(1).139, 147. 19o, 235

PI.VII shouldenl! 205Pl.VI

Relicspecies 16 I 18.310 Sit also Species distribution

Religion defence oftheories u 638 evolution II 98--100 human evolution 11637

Rengger,- Aguara 1923(29) Buenos Aires, feral pigs 19 70(28) captive wild animals 110 115, 12l! Coviooptrro 110 I 16; 11 1 I I CtbwoUlrot,captivitYllo 117 communication t 1 ag, 92(s7) Dilotyla Iabialus 110 I 15 expressions 11346. 183(2).279<3)

monkeyU 3 67,100-1 flieS1659 goats 1t1t 551( 10) Guaranys infants 1t1t 580(6) human eyesight 11 1 38 La Plata feral dogs 19 24 monkeys 11 I 31 74.76,85.89(48): n

549.595(38) Paraguay

cats 1941 ; 11055. 116 dogs 110 55(4) jaguan 19 15 naked dogs 19 20, l!7(46); 110

61(18),Gg Payaguas Indians 111 37 platigrade Carnivora nerilily 110 I 16 polygamyn 225(10) revengeinanimalstl73

Rennie. Sir John I 6 Renous, - . German collector I l!26; 3

'55 Reproduction

buds benefits 110 330-1 domeslication effects 1049,60,66 environmental condilions 10 1,4,

49.60-1.66,77-80: 166-7, 271 evolution 16 IS6-7 fauna 1682 rorm unily 110 328--9 growth competition 110 329-30 hermaphrodites 16 79, 82 hybrids 16 24S-6, 2s6, 260-1 Lepadidae II 45-50 lifenylechange,eITecu 1l1195-6 mammals.similaritYlll III natural varieties 16 268 ovules 110 306 pangencsis 110 304-47 potential 10 6-8, 22-40,6g; 1547-

51: 1652-8 rale 1547-50; 16S3 sexuallasexuailio 304 succcsscalculation 1095-6; 1547-

tissues 110 326 variation 1595: 110 317-110 vertebrlllcs 16 79 vestigial organs III 27--8

aggre'5sion display 113 71Hio birdslmonotremescomparison II.