ABSTRACT
The system of social relations inherent in real socialism is based on production relations where the actual producer is also truly proclaimed to be such under the law, juridically, and is also numbered as the owner of the conditions of production. The direct relationship of the owner of the means of production to the producer changes in any society, including socialist society, under the influence of the development of the productive forces and the “mode of labor.” The problems that will arise later are evident in the cited excerpt: how to take the quality of labor into account, the existence of dissimilar means of labor, and the practical conclusions that follow from the unequal status and varying role of workers and employees of a single nationwide syndicate. K. Marx analyzes the process of labor carried out under prerequisites that are created not by preceding labor but that are natural prerequisites and that therefore seem eternal, “divine”.
