ABSTRACT

Confucius said, “Ah, I fear that you will go there only to receive punishment. It is best not to mix things with the dao. In a mixture, the dao becomes divided and leads to confusion. With confusion, there arise difficulties. When there are difficulties, solutions are not readily found. The perfect men of the past first confirmed that they had the dao in themselves before they sought it in others. If they had not possessed the dao themselves, what leisure would they have had to interfere with any tyrant’s actions?