ABSTRACT
SECONDBOOK The W orld as Will: First Consideration The Objectification ofWill 131
§ I7. The Inner Meaning ofPresentations - Not an Object The Demand Not Satisfied by Science Mysterious Character ofNatural Forces I3I
§ 18. The Body Given in T wo very Different Manners Immediate Experience of the Body as \Vill An Entirely Unique Sott of Cognizance 136
Empirical vs. Intelligible Character No Ultimate Explanation of the Latter Individual Bodies as Individual Wills Objectified 144
Beyond the Principle of Individuation All Phenomena Subject to Complete Determinism Causes, Stimuli, and Motives 15 I
§ 24. Time, Space, and Causality only Forms Belonging to Cognition Pure Mathematics and Pure Natural Science The Futile Attempts ofNatural Science to Fathom Ultimate Reality IS8
§ 26. Original Forces and the Characters ofThings as Ideas Secondary Status ofNatural Laws and Causes [71
§ 27. More on the Limitations ofNatural Science 1ntimation of the Thing in Itself in Nature A Cautious Philosophy ofNature 180
§ 28. Higher Levels ofObjectification ofWilllnseparable from Lower Internal and External Purposiveness in Nature Empirical and Intelligible Character Again 196
§ 29. Groundlessness ofIdeas Will as Thing in ItselfWithout Ultimate Purpose 206
THIRDBOOK The W orId as Presentation: Second Consideration
Presentation Independent of the Principle of Sufficient Ground The Platonic Idea: The Object of Art 2II
Release from the Principles of Sufficient Ground and Individuation 221
Painting that Depicts Incognizant Beings Paintings and Sculptures of Animals 264
§ 45. Historical Painting and Sculpture Human Beauty and Grace Standards and Ideals of Beauty 266
6 Expanded Table ofContenls
FOURTHBOOK The W orld as Will: Se co nd Consideration With the Achievement of Self-Cognizance Affirmation and Denial of the Will for Life
§ 53. The Ethical Part of this W ork not Practical Philosophy No "Ought" to be Prescribed The Irrelevance or History 32 I
§ 56. Cognition as Motive and as Quieter ofWill Will Lacking in Ultimate Purpose Life as Constant Suffering 36I
Right as a Purely Negative Concept Moral vs. Legal Right and W rong Purpose of the State Justification ofPunishment 389
Conscience as Feeling 418 § 66. True Virtue not a Matter ofMorality or Dogmas
Grounded in Intuitive, not Abstract Cognizance Righteousness vs. True Goodness 427
§ 67. True Virtue as Pure Love Its Grounding in Compassion Crying and Compassion for Oneself 435
§ 68. From Virtue to Asceticism - Denial of the Will for Life The Example of Saintly Individuals Christianity, Judaism, Hinduism T wo Paths to Self-Denial 438
Will and Phenomenon in Contradiction Cognition in Contradiction with Will Christian Symbolism 467
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How this book should be read in order that it may possibly be understood: it is my intention to state that here. - What is to be communicated through it is a single thought. Nonetheless, despite all efforts, I could find no shorter way to communicate it than this entire book. - I take the thought to be that which has been sought at great length under the name of philosophy, and whose discovery has been, precisely for that reason, held by the historically cultivated to be as impossible as that of the philosophers' stone, even if Pliny has already told them: Quam multa fieri non posse, priusquam sint facta, judicantur? (Hist. nat.7, lY
According to the various sides from which the one thought to be communicated is considered, it shows itself to be that which has been called metaphysics, that which has been called ethics, and that which has been called aesthetics; and of course it would have to be all of this, were it what, as I have already confessed, I take it to be.
