ABSTRACT
Theintroductionofpartypolitics,oneofthehallmarksofwestemism fortheTurkishpoliticalelite,broughtwithitacontradiction:competition forelectoralsupportwassoughtfromanelectoratewhichwasbyno meanspersuadedofthevalueofthedominantideology.Officers, bureaucratsandintellectuals,guardiansofthesystem,wereconfrontedby acoalitionofnationalpoliticiansandlocalnotableswhowereabletoget outtheruralvotethroughaconservative,populistandmoderatelyantisecularistappeal.Afterthe1950electionstheanti-AtatiirkistDemocratic partyformedagovernmentandintroducedpolicieswhichfavouredthe marketratherthanstatismandapopulistIslamratherthansecularism.In 1960themilitaryintervenedindefenceofAtatiirkism.(Itwasthefirstof threemilitaryinterventions.)Thereturntoelectoralpoliticsbroughtwith itagreaterconvergenceofAtatiirkistandanti-Atatiirkistpartiesinpursuit ofthepopularvote,astheelectoratechangedsignificantlythrough industrialization,migrationintothetowns,greatercommercializationin theruralareasandanexpansionofcapitalistagriculture.
