ABSTRACT
The intensification of migration processes and their resulting issues have, to various degrees, been affecting not only Western Europe but also the Central and Eastern parts of the continent. The issues raised in the 'institutions' section are highly relevant for the Western European countries that became countries of immigration before 1975 or after 1975. The institutions of the EU operate within this same framework and find it difficult to change or liberalise this approach to migration in their everyday practice. This approach and attitude have been translated to the Central and Eastern European (CEE) candidate countries, as ready templates for migration policymaking. Although migration has gradually become the subject of political debates outside of Western Europe – earlier in some countries and only recently in others – the political participation of migrants in the CEE is still quite rare and even less frequently researched.
