ABSTRACT
This chapter explores the basic principles of argumentation across all of these fields. Despite the differences between arguing and argumentation, the negative associations with the term argument persist. Argumentation in the private sphere has its own unique grounds upon which to build. Technical sphere arguments are less common and more specialized than private sphere arguments. The public sphere represents the arguments intended for a broad public audience. Logicians have developed many different types of syllogisms and numerous tests for the validity of a syllogism. A syllogism is an argument in which the conclusion is inferred from two other premises, often called the major premise and the minor premise. Today, the Toulmin model is the most common way to describe the parts of an argument, and is used everywhere from public speaking classes to debate tournaments to common speech about argumentation. There is a third element of extreme importance in Toulmin's model, called the warrant.
