ABSTRACT
This chapter reviews scholarship on theoretical discussions of water cooperation, a complicated arena where domestic politics and international relations intersect. The management of transboundary water courses in Asia is challenging. Most of all, competition over freshwater supplies is thought by many to be a cause of violent conflict. China, located on the upstream of most of Asia’s international rivers, is facing increasing internal and external pressure to respond to changing demands for water. Confronted with substantial domestic water management challenges, the Chinese government is struggling to implement its water policy while also displaying respect for the neighbouring riparian states on its international rivers. China, as a non-member to global water norms, is questioned about its position as an upstream state, and has experienced increasing tensions with its neighbouring riparian states. The country has developed complex diplomatic initiatives which show an interest in overcoming water-related tensions without resorting to open conflict. Research questions are raised to understand the features, rationale and outcomes of China’s water diplomacy.
