ABSTRACT
This chapter notes that protein molecules are too large to be filtered through the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule in health. The kidneys are secured in place by a dense layer of fibrous tissue known as the renal capsule, enclosed by a protective layer of adipose tissue. Immediately below this is a reddish-brown layer of tissue called the renal cortex outer layer. The inner portion of the kidney is known as the renal medulla and is divided into a number of cone-shaped renal pyramids. Anatomy of the kidney and renal blood supply types of nephron produce urine by three precisely regulated processes: filtration, reabsorption, secretion. Each nephron consists of two main portions: the renal corpuscle where plasma is filtered, and the renal tubule into which the filtered fluid passes before undergoing a number of other processes. The colour, clarity and odour of urine can provide a great deal of information about a person's general state of health.
