ABSTRACT

This conclusion presents some closing thoughts on the key concepts discussed in the preceding chapters of this book. The book argues that the process has been going on since at least the Helsinki European Council which declared Turkey as a candidate country. It states that several linkages and networks, which have been established since 1999 between civil society actors in Turkey and the EU, have promoted a socialisation process for civil society organisations. The book explores the issue area of women's rights and gender equality in Turkey with reference to second-wave feminist movement. It points out that Europeanisation of Turkish environmental policy often oscillates between inertia and low change depending upon both the credibility of EU conditionality and a number of external factors such as international security concerns and economic gains. The book explores that there is a decreasing level of alignment with the EU's Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) statements particularly since 2008.