ABSTRACT
This chapter concerns human perception of planting in a way that is analogous to landform and structures. The spatial characteristics of plants are those that contribute to the formspace structure of the landscape. Ground-level Planting is the lowest-growing vegetation which forms a foliage canopy very close to ground level, and often not more than a few centimetres thick. The ecological model for this growth form is found in a number of habitats including mown, grazed or trodden grassland, river bed shingles, scree and cliff vegetation and carpeting ground layers under taller vegetation in communities such as meadows, shrubland and woodland where there may be mosses and shade tolerant prostrate plants hugging the ground below the taller canopy species. The ecological model for Knee- to Eye-level Planting growth form is found in natural plant communities such as low shrubland and heathland, sub-alpine mixed vegetation, exposed cliff and dune vegetation, tall meadows and wetland communities.
