ABSTRACT
The many reports into the disturbances glimpsed some of the difficulties in the Pakistani community and the complex nature of the Pakistani community, due to the political circumstances. A good illustration is the Bradford Commission report, which examined some of the causes of the disturbances in Manningham, Bradford during the summer of 1995. It acknowledged that poor education, overcrowded homes, poverty and unemployment pressures, which are prominent among the young ethnic minority population, act as a predisposition to tensions and violence. These have been the focus of all inquiries and the subsequent reports from Manningham to Burnley to Oldham. The disturbances in Manningham, Bradford during the summer of 1995 were followed by further disturbances in 2001 and also in Burnley and Oldham. The Bradford Commission report evidence shows there is an institutional incapacity and is not only confined to the police. Institutional racism had originated from the Black Power Movement in the United States.
