ABSTRACT
This chapter explains the principle of operation of a transformer, its construction and associated calculations, including losses and efficiency. It aims to understand the principle of operation of a transformer. The chapter describes transformer construction. It also aims to understand voltage regulation. The chapter addresses losses in transformers and calculates efficiency. Transformers are essential in high-voltage power transmission, providing an economical means of transmitting power over large distances. Transformers are also used extensively in electronic products to step down the supply voltage to a level suitable for the low-voltage circuits they contain. The transformer also electrically isolates the end user from contact with the supply voltage. The chapter highlights the resistance matching, the auto transformer, the three-phase transformer and current and voltage transformers. Transformers range in size from the miniature units used in electronic applications to the large power transformers used in power stations; the principle of operation is the same for each.
