ABSTRACT
During the last decade, military crews have been faced with a number of changes due to the ever-increasing complexity and diversity of modern military operations and systems. In this context, a need to reinforce their skills in dealing with complex and unforeseen situations has arisen. Pilots’ expertise can no longer be limited to the mastery of knowledge and skills allowing them to handle expected situations, whether these are normal or accidental. Complex and unforeseen situations cannot be processed solely on the basis of fast associations and easily applicable procedures. Rather, they require an adaptive, even a creative, use of knowledge and skills. If adaptation is lacking, pilots are at risk of responding ineffectively, of showing acute stress reactions, and as a result, of endangering safety.
