ABSTRACT
The separation between biblical and scientific enunciations brought to the fore the question of the distinction between truth concerning the meaning of the sacred text and actual truths. Accordingly, the teaching of the biblical text is clear: it teaches the practice of charitable love and obedience to the laws of God. The only truth that God teaches in the sacred text is expressed in human words and concerns the individual and the salvation of the soul. A new anthropology emerged to replace the negative vision of humanity that had characterized the thought of the fathers of the Reformation. The philosophers, politicians, theologians and virtuosi' who had flourished in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries had in fact launched a cultural exchange on the positive values of the social nature of humanity, on toleration. Toland cast a disenchanted glance over positive religions, in a perspective of tolerance towards the different cultural and religious traditions of all peoples on earth.
