ABSTRACT
Economics considers air transport, and transport services in general, as intermediate services, that is, services that are used not as ends in them but as a means to some other ulterior consumption or production. The cost of transport consists not only of the ticket price but also of all other elements that constitute an effort which the passenger would want to minimise. These can be summarised in the following three categories. First, the time taken to travel from A to B. Second, the operating cost of travelling, namely the full cost of the airline ticket, which would tend to include the cost of all infrastructure, including airport and Air Traffic Management (ATM) charges, and the operating cost of the access and egress time taken to complete the door-to-door cycle. Third, the cost is reflected in the user's willingness to eliminate or reduce the risk of an accident. Normally this is deemed negligible, but not in regions with poor infrastructure or services.
