ABSTRACT
The major hub airports increasingly play very substantive roles in the overall and multi-modal transportation networks that support increasing urbanization in East Asia. The leading-edge members of the ASEAN group would use technology acquisition and the adoption and adaptation of technology according to their own strategic designs and specifications. The influences of multi-modal transport availability add a mobility dimension to the role of the airport. From a macroeconomic perspective, the role of any aggregate growth in a country's volume throughput and return from air cargo is directly correlated with the growth of national GDP. By contrast, de-verticalized firms purchase an increasing amount of their requirements for intermediate goods through outsourcing its orders to other firms. This restructures the division of labour by a major shift away from the vertical division within a hierarchical organization to a horizontal division, where work in design, manufacturing, marketing, inventory transportation and distribution functions occurs both within national and across international boundaries.
