ABSTRACT

Structural and policy adjustments are as old as humanity. Every time socio-economic changes take place, it requires structural adjustments and adoption or amendment of policy. However, there is always the distinction and disagreement between the descriptive and prescriptive study of policy making. Policy making requires both ‘knowledge of’ and ‘knowledge in’ policy making. Despite the danger of sacrificing ‘policy analysis’ to ‘policy advocacy’, it is important to state up front that the focus of this thesis is to provide a balance between the prescriptive (how policies ought to be made or should be made in future) and the descriptive (how policies are being made or are in existence), with the rider that it should be viewed as an analysis of the prescriptions or options and would end with the recommendation of a fixed approach.