ABSTRACT
This chapter explains the Foucault and the Gramsci's work as contributions to the problems for which they shared an interest such as the critique of the power of knowledge and its history, the relationship between the sciences and the knowledge of the subaltern, the critique of philosophy and specific approaches to history prevalent in the social sciences, a shared interest in a new conception of the State and in social struggles and emancipation. Foucault focuses more on the ethics of truth as an individual posture. The connection between truths and both the social production apparatus and the collective practice of the subaltern are not something he studies. Gramsci by contrast is more concerned with the problem of a politics of truth, and the struggle for the means of learning and knowledge and for the capacity to impose a certain 'objective reality' within a hegemonic struggle.
