ABSTRACT
This chapter examines how the introduction of the robotic system in the operating room creates new patterns of communication between surgeons and how the analysis of the communication reveals surgeons' adaptation strategies in addition to the limits of their adaptation to the technology. It explores better assist developers to design ongoing adaptation and, thus, to design communication tools. Robotic surgery and laparoscopic procedures provide a good system to support a study on communication, adaptation, and new technology. The chapter discusses the new approach in the light of the constructivism perspective, in particular, the increasing focus on the emergent adaptive capacity of socio-technical systems through continual interaction with their environment. Adaptation is the process of adjusting the mental structures and the behavior to cope with the environment. The chapter presents two conversions: urology from robotic surgery to open surgery; and digestive surgery from robotic surgery to classical laparoscopy surgery.
