ABSTRACT

QRZEHFRPHDQRUWKRGR[\LQZKLFKWKHQHZPDQWUDLVWKDWWKH³UXOHRIODZ´LVDQ HVVHQWLDOSUHFRQGLWLRQIRUGHYHORSPHQW,QWKHODVW\HDUVDJURZLQJQXPEHURI national and international organizations, including USAID and the World Bank, KDYH DGRSWHG FRPSUHKHQVLYH OHJDO UHIRUP SURJUDPV:HVWHUQ QDWLRQV SULYDWH GRQRUVDQGLQWHUQDWLRQDODLGDJHQFLHVKDYHVSHQWELOOLRQVRIGROODUVRQUXOHRIODZ UHIRUPVIRFXVLQJPRVWO\RQ WKHGUDIWLQJRIEHWWHU ODZV WKHFUHDWLRQRIHI¿FLHQW MXGLFLDO LQVWLWXWLRQVDQGWKH LQFUHDVHRIJRYHUQPHQW¶VFRPSOLDQFHZLWK WKH ODZ (YHQWKRXJKHYDOXDWLRQVRIWKHOHJDOUHIRUPSURJUDPVLPSOHPHQWHGVRIDUKDYH RIWHQQRWEHHQYHU\RSWLPLVWLFWKH\FRQWLQXHWREHVHHQDVDIXQGDPHQWDOFRPSRQHQW RIUHIRUPDJHQGDVDLPLQJDWHVWDEOLVKLQJGHPRFUDWLFUHJLPHVSURWHFWLQJKXPDQ ULJKWVSURPRWLQJHFRQRPLFGHYHORSPHQWDQG¿JKWLQJSRYHUW\ $V QRWHG E\ 'DYLV DQG 7UHELOFRFN D JUHDW GHDO RI WKH GHEDWH QRZ

VXUURXQGLQJWKHXVHRIODZLQGHYHORSPHQWGRHVQRWFRQFHUQWKHXVHIXOQHVVRIODZ UHIRUPEXWKRZLWLVWREHSXUVXHG$PRQJWKHFULWLFLVPVOHYHOHGDJDLQVWFXUUHQW UHIRUPSURJUDPVDSURPLQHQWRQHFRQFHUQVWKHKHDY\UHOLDQFHRISROLF\PDNHUVRQ :HVWHUQOHJDOPRGHOVUDWKHUWKDQKRPHJURZQODZVDVDEDVLVIRUUHIRUP)ROORZLQJ DZHOOHVWDEOLVKHGOLQHRIFRPSDUDWLYHODZVFKRODUVQXPHURXVFRPPHQWDWRUVKDYH XQGHUOLQHG WKH FORVH UHODWLRQVKLS EHWZHHQ ODZ DQG WKH VRFLDO FRQWH[W LQZKLFK LWHPHUJHVDQGH[SUHVVHGGRXEWVDERXWWKHFDSDFLW\RIODZVGHVLJQHGLQDJLYHQ HQYLURQPHQWWRSURGXFHVLPLODURUHYHQGHVLUDEOHUHVXOWVZKHQWUDQVIHUUHGWRD new setting.