ABSTRACT
Concerns over the ethical production and consumption of tourism experiences have become frequent topics of consideration among scholars, practitioners and advocates over the last two decades. Numerous non-governmental organizations (NGOs) (such as Tourism Concern) and academic advocacy networks (such as the Responsible Tourism Network) focused on ethical tourism agendas reflect the contemporary institutionalization as well as a growing consensus regarding the need for ethical tourism programs (Duffy and Smith, 2003; Hultsman, 1995; Lea, 1993; Lovelock, 2008; MacCannell, 2011). Academic research on ethical tourism is well represented in the literature including numerous publications which examine the ethics of travel, tourism experiences as well as research on tourism (Bergmann and Sager, 2012; Castañeda, 2012; Duffy and Smith, 2003; Fennell and Malloy, 1999; Molz and Gibson, 2012).
